Which device is typically used first to immobilize a patient with a suspected spinal injury?

• A. vest-style extrication device
• B. long backboard
• C. scoop stretcher
• D. stair chair

Answer: (B)

Stabilizing the spine as early as possible is essential when a spinal injury is suspected, to prevent any movement that could worsen damage to the spinal cord. The long backboard is designed to immobilize the entire spine from head to pelvis, providing rigid support that keeps the spine in neutral alignment during assessment and transport. In practice, you’d first ensure in-line stabilization (and apply a cervical collar if available), then transfer the patient onto the backboard and secure with straps and head immobilizers to maintain that position throughout movement.

The other devices aren’t the first choice for initial immobilization. A vest-style extrication device is mainly useful during vehicle extrication and may be used later in the process, but it isn’t the primary method for protecting the spine from the outset. A scoop stretcher is great for moving a patient with minimal movement or from narrow spaces, but it does not provide full spinal immobilization on its own. A stair chair is used for upright, conscious patients who need transport over short distances and can risk significant spinal movement, so it isn’t appropriate for initial immobilization of a suspected spinal injury.